This significantly improves the performance for the offloaded services, and also decreases the load on the VPN infrastructure, thus allowing elements that still require it to operate with lower contention for resources. It is this model that this article concentrates on assisting with the transition to as it allows for simple, defined actions to be taken quickly with numerous positive outcomes. The third model broadens the scope of model two as rather than just sending a small group of defined endpoints direct, it instead sends all traffic directly to trusted services such Office and SalesForce.
This further reduces the load on the corporate VPN infrastructure and improves the performance of the services defined. As this model is likely to take more time to assess the feasibility of and implement, it is likely a step that can be taken iteratively at a later date once model two is successfully in place.
This model reverses the third model in that only traffic identified as having a corporate IP address is sent down the VPN tunnel and thus the Internet path is the default route for everything else. This model requires an organization to be well on the path to Zero Trust in able to safely implement this model. It should be noted that this model or some variation thereof will likely become the necessary default over time as more and more services move away from the corporate network and into the cloud.
Microsoft uses this model internally; you can find more information on Microsoft's implementation of VPN split tunneling at Running on VPN: How Microsoft is keeping its remote workforce connected.
In the Office URLs and IP address ranges topic, Microsoft clearly identifies the key endpoints you need to optimize and categorizes them as Optimize. Essentially this is the traffic that we need to take special care of and is also the traffic that will put incredible pressure on traditional network paths and VPN infrastructure. For more information about Office endpoints and how they are categorized and managed, see Managing Office endpoints.
The current Optimize URLs can be found in the table below. Under most circumstances, you should only need to use URL endpoints in a browser PAC file where the endpoints are configured to be sent direct, rather than to the proxy. In the above examples, tenant should be replaced with your Office tenant name.
For example, contoso. At the time of writing the IP address ranges that these endpoints correspond to are as follows. Now that we have identified these critical endpoints, we need to divert them away from the VPN tunnel and allow them to use the user's local Internet connection to connect directly to the service.
The manner in which this is accomplished will vary depending on the VPN product and machine platform used but most VPN solutions will allow some simple configuration of policy to apply this logic. If you wish to test the solution manually, you can execute the following PowerShell example to emulate the solution at the route table level. This example adds a route for each of the Teams Media IP subnets into the route table.
You can test Teams media performance before and after, and observe the difference in routes for the specified endpoints. NextHop in PowerShell. Once you have added the routes, you can confirm that the route table is correct by running route print in a command prompt or PowerShell.
The output should contain the routes you added, showing the interface index 22 in this example and the gateway for that interface To add routes for all current IP address ranges in the Optimize category, you can use the following script variation to query the Office IP and URL web service for the current set of Optimize IP subnets and add them to the route table.
If you inadvertently added routes with incorrect parameters or simply wish to revert your changes, you can remove the routes you just added with the following command:. This allows the traffic to utilize local Microsoft resources such as Office Service Front Doors such as the Azure Front Door that deliver Office services and connectivity endpoints as close to your users as possible.
This allows us to deliver high performance levels to users wherever they are in the world and takes full advantage of Microsoft's world class global network , which is likely within a few milliseconds of your users' direct egress.
Some administrators may require more detailed information on how call flows operate in Teams using a split tunneling model and how connections are secured. For both calls and meetings, as long as the required Optimize IP subnets for Teams media are correctly in place in the route table, when Teams calls the GetBestRoute function to determine which local interface corresponds to the route it should use for a particular destination, the local interface will be returned for Microsoft destinations in the Microsoft IP blocks listed above.
However, Teams media traffic has no URL associated with it, so control of routing for this traffic must be done using IP subnets. In certain scenarios, often unrelated to Teams client configuration, media traffic still traverses the VPN tunnel even with the correct routes in place.
If you encounter this scenario, then using a firewall rule to block the Teams IP subnets or ports from using the VPN should suffice. To ensure Teams media traffic is routed via the desired method in all VPN scenarios, please ensure users are running Microsoft Teams client version 1.
This version includes improvements in how the client detects available network paths. One common argument for avoiding split tunnels is that it is less secure to do so, i. This is covered in great detail within this security guide , but the primary section of interest is media encryption.
Media traffic is encrypted using SRTP, which uses a session key generated by a secure random number generator and exchanged using the signaling TLS channel. In addition, media flowing in both directions between the Mediation Server and its internal next hop is also encrypted using SRTP.
It is worth noting that even though a VPN tunnel may be used to connect the client to the corporate network, the traffic still needs to flow in its SRTP form when it leaves the corporate network to reach the service. You can also read about modern security controls in remote work scenarios at Alternative ways for security professionals and IT to achieve modern security controls in today's unique remote work scenarios Microsoft Security Team blog.
Once the policy is in place, you should confirm it is working as expected. There are multiple ways of testing the path is correctly set to use the local Internet connection:.
Run the Microsoft connectivity test that will run connectivity tests for you including trace routes as above. We're also adding in VPN tests into this tooling that should also provide additional insights. The primary advantage of IKEv2 is that it tolerates interruptions in the underlying network connection.
For example, if the connection is temporarily lost or if a user moves a client computer from one network to another, IKEv2 automatically restores the VPN connection when the network connection is reestablished—all without user intervention. By using RAS Gateway, you can deploy VPN connections to provide end users with remote access to your organization's network and resources.
Deploying Always On VPN maintains a persistent connection between clients and your organization network whenever remote computers are connected to the Internet.
With RAS Gateway, you can also create a site-to-site VPN connection between two servers at different locations, such as between your primary office and a branch office, and use Network Address Translation NAT so that users inside the network can access external resources, such as the Internet. NPS allows you to create and enforce organization-wide network access policies for connection request authentication and authorization.
Organizations can use AD CS to enhance security by binding the identity of a person, device, or service to a corresponding public key. AD CS also includes features that allow you to manage certificate enrollment and revocation in a variety of scalable environments. During completion of the deployment, you will configure the following certificate templates on the CA. Certificate templates can greatly simplify the task of administering a certification authority CA by allowing you to issue certificates that are preconfigured for selected tasks.
Certificate templates are an integral part of an enterprise certification authority CA. They are an important element of the certificate policy for an environment, which is the set of rules and formats for certificate enrollment, use, and management. For more information, see Certificate Templates. AD CS allows you to build a public key infrastructure PKI and provide public key cryptography, digital certificates, and digital signature capabilities for your organization.
When you use digital server certificates for authentication between computers on your network, the certificates provide:. Authentication by associating certificate keys with a computer, user, or device accounts on a computer network. AD DS provides a distributed database that stores and manages information about network resources and application-specific data from directory-enabled applications.
Administrators can use AD DS to organize elements of a network, such as users, computers, and other devices, into a hierarchical containment structure. The hierarchical containment structure includes the Active Directory forest, domains in the forest, and organizational units OUs in each domain. A server that is running AD DS is called a domain controller.
Today's update seems to have broken our company's VPN. We're using the built-in Windows client L2TP with digital certificate.
All staff who have installed the update are experiencing the issue and uninstalling the update fixes it. I read somewhere the update includes a security patch to IKE.
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